The rapid development of modern technology has affected and nail services. New chemicals are being applied in this area, and the human body does not always reacts positively to them. Masters nail is very important to take into account the experience of their colleagues to identify the most toxic and allergenic cosmetic ingredients.
Drugs that are similar in their composition ingredients should not be used in working with clients. It is necessary to look for funds that have similar properties, but have less "cosmetic aggressiveness." If you are caring for healthy nail plate may have reactions to drugs are employed to polish and to mechanical damage of nail tools. By a separate type of reaction is an allergic response to correct the deviations of the nail plate - Mod. Reactions to drugs (both local and peripheral) Allergic reactions. The various components of nail polish (in particular, thermoplastic resins and formaldehyde) may cause different types of client allergic reactions. There may be an allergic dermatitis in okolonogtevogo (periungvalnoy) zone. In the absence of proper ventilation in the cabin of allergens may be in the air at relatively high concentrations: in this case as the master and the client may be allergic dermatitis of eyelids, face, neck, ears, upper half of the breast. It is also possible reactions such as hives during absorption of allergens in the site of application of paint or the appearance of isolated oniholiza under the influence of formaldehyde (photo 1). There are also phenomena subungvalnogo (subungual), hyperkeratosis, dryness of the fingertips, dermatitis, allergic dermatitis and contact area on the periphery. Thus, one of the manifestations of allergies can be called the inverse of the nail pterygium (an inflammation of giponihiya), accompanied by severe pain. Discoloration of nail plate. Some enamels and lacquers for the nails, usually red and brown colors, are capable of deep color in the nail plate yellow-orange color.This usually happens when you use poor-quality varnish or lacquer when applied directly to the nail plate, without coats. But sometimes, after a decorative manicure nails can become discolored. This usually happens when the client takes medication containing chloroquine, minocycline, or resorcinol derivatives. Discoloration is the result of a chemical reaction of these substances with oxides of iron or nitrocellulose, members of the colored enamels. After exposure to formaldehyde, which is part of varnish, nails may change color to bluish, then white, and later on rusty or yellow. granulation of keratin nails. Cases of damage to the nails, caused by varnishes, are rare. However, sometimes there may be a nail keratin granulation: the surface of the nail plate is white and gets increased fragility. Such changes are more common in people who have long applied continuously new paints over the old ones. In these cases, the recommended five to seven-day break, during which the nails do not apply any cosmetics. Reactions to nail polish remover can manifest as inflammation, blisters on the nail ridges, atopic dermatitis, and increased fragility oniholiza nail plate. All these liquids, regardless of whether or not they include acetone, dehydrated nail plate is removed from its lipids, split nitrocellulose and reduce adhesion of corneocytes. Therefore, they are not recommended for use more frequently than once a week. Also, remember that nail polish remover flammable and can be toxic if inhaled. Means for softening or removing the inner lining may, in addition to its main purpose, softened keratin nail. Destroying the cystine disulfide bonds, they can become strong irritants, causing a local inflammatory reaction (the nail shaft, your skin).Complications from the use of artificial nails. Invoices, or glued nails, is a thin plate or colored synthetic form of a special plastic with adhesive surface that tightly fixes them on the nail. The resulting occlusion (insulated nail from the external environment) leads to a temporary hyperhydration nail plate. After removing the glued nails because of the increased moisture content of the plate becomes weak and thin, its strength decreases, sometimes there paronychia.Depending on the individual client's nail repair may take up to a year. Damage to nail tools even the most minor injuries caused by instruments for manicure, coarse abrasive saws, etc., can become a "gateway" for various infections. If mechanical damage to the nail plates having transverse stripes, lines, Bo, oniholiz (see "Nail Service» № 3-2001, «Systemic diseases and diseases of nails"). Furthermore, damage, or thinning of the nail plate, the surrounding tissue trauma increases the likelihood of allergic reactions to the various tools used in manicure. Reduce the length of the free edge of the nail plate is better with a special saw blade, working it in the direction from the periphery to the center, as trimming the nail plate scissors or forceps reduces the natural structure of the nail, which can lead to delamination. It is known that in subungual (subungvalnom) space is a set of micro-organisms, so the rough work in this area may disrupt the barrier properties giponihiya. In the case of infection in the nail bed area (for example, when working with contaminated instruments) in this area may develop acute bacterial (inflammation) or chronic candidiasis process (fungal infection). The probability of infection increases with the use of artificial nails, or TIPS. If this procedure to natural nails were injured, glue tips (artificial nails) may be an additional source of infection.We describe the cases of even contagious eye disease, and subacute bacterial endocarditis (inflammation of the lining of the heart) after such an injury nail. Compliance with health regulations to avoid infectious complications.Complications of correcting the shape of the nail plate , various defects or diseases of the nail plate may be temporarily (eg during treatment) camouflaged with special nail cosmetic procedures. However, before we simulate the artificial nails, such a client to obtain permission from a doctor, so as psoriasis, lichen planus or lupus erythematosus can induce isomorphic response of the nails. People who suffer from other photodermatosis and photoallergic reactions, as well as those who in the past had an allergic reaction to acrylics, and can not work with gel technology using ultra-violet rays (the master), and nails to build on this technology (clients). Complications of use artificial sculptured acrylic nails can be divided into allergic and non-allergic. Allergic reactions may occur after a long time after the first application - from two to four to 16 months. First, there is itching in the nail bed, and then develop paronychia, pain or paresthesia (from the Greek. para - «around outside," and aisthesis - « feeling, sensation "- an unusual sensation of numbness of the skin," crawling "that occurs without external influence or under the influence of several mechanical factors: the compression of the nerve, vessel.. - Ed.). nail bed is dry, thickened, there may be oniholiz and nail plate - thinning or cracking. It will take several months to get your nails back to normal. It is also possible allergic reactions such as rashes on the face and body. In long-wearing acrylic nails should be regularly adjusted to prevent the penetration of the infection. Please be aware that they may also predispose to the development of a traumatic injury oniholiza with natural nails, if the master does not comply with building technology. In the simulation of gel nails in case of complications, patients may experience a feeling of tension in the nail bed, or a burning sensation pulsing. Regarding the latter we must say that it can occur directly in the simulations, if the master does not comply with the technology of application of gels (gel layer is too thick, excessive application of the activator in some systems, etc.) and cause a burn the nail bed. Clinical manifestations vary - from inflammation of the toes to eczema or okolonogtevogo hyponychial zone. The use of colored gels in some cases the "mask" to join the pathological process of infection or manifestations oniholiza. A common cause of allergic reactions also become cyanoacrylates: they cause onychite and paronychia develops after three months of use, and nail dystrophy and discoloration of the last few months. It must be remembered that some drugs, positioned by the manufacturer as "hypoallergenic" may nevertheless cause some clients allergic reactions. Thus, the introduction of new technologies in nail services entails the emergence of new and unforeseen complications, respectively, the new recommendations, limitations, and even contraindicated. Therefore, the masters of nail service, on the one hand, we must acquaint physicians dermatocosmetologists with modern trends in manicure and pedicure, and on the other hand - promote hypoallergenic, nontoxic, and noninvasive methods of work.